The apple tree is one of the most popular fruit trees, which are grown not only on an industrial scale, but also on personal subsidiary plots. Why are gardeners so fond of this fruit?

The composition of ripe apples contains many vitamins, macro and microelements, other substances useful for the human body, including dietary fiber, necessary for the good functioning of the digestive tract.

Important! The fruits of this tree contribute to the elimination of toxic substances and toxins, strengthen the immune system due to the high content of ascorbic acid.

Not all varieties of these fruit trees are equally easy to grow. When choosing for a garden plot, you should pay attention to their resistance to frost, diseases and pests, as well as how much mature apples are in demand on the market.

To the attention of gardeners in this article, the Bessemyanka Michurinskaya apple tree is presented, which is distinguished by rather high indicators of resistance to cold and disease, and its apples have a pleasant taste and aroma.

General information about culture

The Michurinskaya apple tree was bred by the famous Russian and Soviet breeder I. F. Michurin more than 100 years ago. Skryzhapelya and Bessemyanka Komsinskaya were taken as parent varieties. The goal of the breeder was to create such an apple tree that perfectly developed and bore fruit in the conditions of the central regions of Russia, in the middle lane and even in a number of regions of Siberia.

Large apple trees

In 1913, the first seedling of the new variety was obtained, and after another 8 years the first fruits from the grafting of the new variety on an adult fruit tree. The main positive qualities of Bessemyanka Michurinskaya steel:

  • strong wood of the central trunk, perfectly withstands strong winds and snowstorms;
  • high resistance to cold weather.

Apple-tree Bessemyanka Michurinskaya: description and characteristics

Cherry Michurinskaya

This fruit tree belongs to the late autumn varieties in terms of fruit ripening. The crop is usually harvested in the first decade of September. The apple tree is above average in size, the crown is oval in young seedlings, later - wide, rounded, formed by a small number of strong and sturdy branches.

Note! The apple tree Bessemyanka is a real beauty, especially during the period of flowering or active ripening of fruits.

The branches are small in length, rather thick, the color of the bark is light brown, practically no pubescence. The foliage is large, dark emerald, slightly wrinkled, the edges are crenate, curving upward. The petioles have small lanceolate stipules.

The variety of these seedless apples is self-fertile, so pollinating apple trees should be planted nearby. The best pollinators for Bessemyanka Michurinskaya are:

  • Anise;
  • Ottawa;
  • Melba;
  • Mantet.

Michurinsky apples are medium in size, rounded, slightly flattened, with slight ribbing. The skin is smooth, the color is green with a yellowish tint. The side, which is illuminated by the sun's rays, is intensely red, and the other is striped, a faint bloom of wax is noticeable on the skin. The stalks are short, thick. The weight of one fruit can reach 150-165 g. The seed chambers are bulbous, closed, and, as a rule, there are no seeds or their rudiments are present. In rare cases, 2-3 large wide seeds are found in an apple.

External characteristics

The pulp of ripe apples is creamy, juicy and sweet in taste with a sour aftertaste. The aroma is pleasant, apple. The amount of sugars in ripe apples is 11%, the amount of acid is 0.68%, a large amount of vitamin C is up to 21 mg per 100 g of pulp. The yield of the variety is high: over 200 kg of apples are harvested from 1 apple tree.

Important! The first harvest from young trees is harvested 5-6 years after planting.

Large-fruited apple trees are harvested in September, and ripe fruits do not hold well on the branches and are prone to shedding. They are well stored in a cellar or fruit storage (almost 4 months), without losing their presentation and taste. The harvested crop tolerates transportation well.

Apples are used fresh, added to fruit salads, and they are also used to make jam, marshmallow, jam, baked goods and dried for the winter.

As for resistance to cold weather, these trees easily tolerate frosts, therefore they winter well in the central regions of Russia, as well as in the regions of Eastern Siberia. Resistance to major diseases is above average, and very high to scab.

Agrotechnics

Planting should start with the purchase of quality seedlings. You can buy them in a nursery located in Michurinsk, Tambov region, but you do not have to go there, as you can purchase the required number of trees via the Internet.

Apple Tree Pink Pour

The area where this apple tree will grow must meet the following requirements:

  • Mandatory illumination of the tree by sunlight during daylight hours. Thanks to the sun, sugar is formed in the ripening fruits, due to which the apples become more juicy. If Bessemyanka is planted in a shaded place, then its yield will drop, and the apples will be sour and small.
  • There should be no stagnation of moisture in the soil, and the groundwater level should not approach the soil surface closer than 2-2.5 m, otherwise the roots of the tree will slowly rot, and the apple tree will eventually die.
  • The best soil for Bessemyanka is light, loose, well-permeable to moisture and oxygen to the roots. It can be sandy loam or loam, in which a sufficient amount of mineral and organic fertilizers has been applied.

A planting hole is usually dug out half a month before the planned planting of the tree. Its diameter should be slightly larger than the volume of the seedling root system. A layer of humus or compost mixed with soil is poured to the bottom. The next layer is the garden soil, on which the seedling will be installed. A peg is dug into the hole, to which a tree is tied, then its roots are straightened, the hole is filled with soil from above and tamped. 20-30 liters of water are poured under each tree.

On a note.Further care for young apple trees consists in regular watering, applying top dressing, shaping crown pruning and spraying against diseases and pests.

But in the first season, additional fertilization is not required, since the apple tree has enough of what was introduced when it was planted. In the next season, in the spring (before bud break), fertilizing containing nitrogen is added, and in the fall, mineral salts containing potassium and organic matter are added to the trunk circle.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

Apple-tree Screen

The undoubted advantages of the variety include:

  • high productivity;
  • increased resistance to scab;
  • excellent presentation and taste of the harvested crop;
  • the ability to grow on any soil;
  • long shelf life of the harvested fruits;
  • versatility of crop use.

Of the shortcomings, the self-infertility of apple trees should be noted, so pollinating trees will have to be planted nearby. You also need to remember that ripening apples do not stick to the branches and crumble, and therefore the harvest must be collected on time.